Electric-motor-control apparatus.



H. F. HITNER.

ELECTRIC MOTOR CONTROL APPARATUS.

APPLlcATloN man Aums, |911.

1,164,71 9. Patented Dec. 21, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

COLUMBIA RLANoanAPH C0..WASHlNuToN. D. c,

H. F. HITNER.

ELECTRIC MOTOR CONTROL APPARATUS.

APPL1cAT1oN min AuG.1B, 1911.

1 164,719. Patented Dec. 2l, 1915. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

7/ 6'7 j 471 I f7 0 6 l jf 531 0 5a /3 I o (/53 N 5 5,9 a@ 8 37 ,il a5f2 INVENTOR @Caf QJ STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY F. HITNER, F MOUNT VERNON, OHIO, ASSIG'NOR TO PITTSBURGH PLATEGLASS COMPANY OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OFPENNSYLVANIA.

ELECTRIG-MOTOR-CONTR-OL APARATUS.

Application filed August 18, 1911.

. T0 all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, HARRY F. HITNER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Mount Vernon, in the State of Ohio, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Electric-Motor-Control Apparatus, ofwhich the following is a specification.

The invention relates to electric motor control apparatus particularlydesigned for use in drawing the glass cylinders employed in themanufacure of window glass; and the invention has for its object: theprovision of an improved automatic controlling device for regulating thespeed of movement of the drawing mechanism during the entire operationof drawing a glass cylinder. One embodiment of the invention isillustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a sideelevation of the glass drawing apparatus; Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic viewshowing the general arrangement of the apparatus and its wiring; Fig. 3is a detail plan view of the two motors employed and the means forgearing them together, Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic side elevation of thegeared switch employed; Fig. 5 is a section on the line VV of Fig. 4;and Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the switch plug employed.

As shown in Fig. 1, 1 is the bait having the usual hollow handle throughwhich air is supplied to the interior of the cylinder being drawn; 2 isthe glass cylinder which has been drawn and cut off at its lower end; 3is the drawing carriage, which carriage is guided in its verticalmovement by mea-ns of the guides 4; 5 is the drawing cable attached atits upper end to the drum 6; and 7 and 8 are electric motors ofdiiferent horse power for operating the drum 6 to raise and lower thecarriage 3 and the bait carried thereby.

The driving connections between the motors 7 and 8 and the drum 6 areshown in detail in Fig. 3. The shaft of the motor 7 is provided with agear `9 meshing with another gear 10, which gear 10 is mounted upon ashaft carrying a worm 11. This worm 11 meshes with the wornrwheel 1Qmounted upon the shaft carrying the drum 6. The motor 8 has a drivingconnection with the shaft o-f the motor 7 by means of the magneticclutch 13, and the spur gears 14, 15 and 16, so that the motor 15 may beSpecifica-tion of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 21, 1915.

Serial No. 644,725.

made to drive the drum 6 through the shaft of the motor 7 and the trainof gearing 9, 10, 11 and 12. Also mounted upon the shaft 17 of the drum6 is a geared switch 1S, the construction and operation of which will behereinafter described.

The operation of the mechanism just described and shown in Figs. 1 and 3is controlled by means of the apparatus shown diagrammatically in Fig. 2and in order that the object of this arrangement may be apparent beforea detail explanation is offered, .it may be stated that the constructionand arrangement of the controlling apparatus is such that after the'edge of the bait 1 has been brought into contact with the molten glassin the drawing receptacle and the proper switch placed in operatingposition, the following series of movements in the bait are secured.Starting at the surface of the glass the bait moves upward very slowly,forming the portion of the cylinder between the points@ and suchmovement continuing at a uniform speed and the distance between the twopoints being about twenty inches. The speed of draw is thenautomatically increased, and while the portion of the cylinder betweenthe points Z) and c is being lrawn the increase in speed is gradual anduniform, the distance between the points Z) and c being about eightinches. At this point in the drawing a further increase in speed occursand this speed is maintained during the drawing of the remainder of thecylinder between the points c and d, after which the cylinder is cutoff. The cylinder must be moved upward still farther after thecutting-ofil operation in order to be in position to engage thetake-down-apparatus, and the construction of the controlling mechanismis such that by a manual shift in the switch plug a still higher rate ofspeed in the movement yin the bait and cylinder is secured, so that thecylinder is very rapidly moved from the position at which it is cut offto the position at which it may be shifted by the take-down-apparatus.lVhen the carriage 3 and bait 1 are to be run down to the glass againfor another operation, the switch plug is merely reversed from its lastposition, so that the bait is moved down to its position of engagementwith the glass at a maXimum rate of speed. The arrangement ofcontrolling mechanism whereby the foregoing movements of the bait aresecured will now be described.

Referring now to Fig. 2, the principal parts of the controllingmechanism may be enumerated as follows: is a generator for supplyingcurrent to the motors 7 and 8, such generator being` of relatively highvoltage, say two hundred and twenty volts for the purpose ofillustration; lo is a second generator of relatively low voltage, saythirty volts; C and D are switch sockets adapted to receive the switchplug E to be later described; F and G are the armature and fieldrespectively of the large motor 7; H and l are the armature and lieldrespectively of the small motor 8; 18 is the geared switch, hereto-forereferred to, which switch operates to cutout certain resistance and thusincrease the speed of draw during the drawing of that portion of thecylinder lying between the points and c, in a manner to be hereinafterdescribed; K is a self starter whereby the resistance in the large motorcircuit is gradually cut out as such motor starts; L is a limit switchoperated by the movement of the carriage for automatically breaking themotor circuit when the carriage reaches its extreme upper position; M isan electromagnetically operated switch for Short circuiting the limitswitch when the current to the motor is reversed to run the bait down todrawing position; and N is the winding of the magnetic clutch 13 (Fig.B), which clutch serves to connect the shafts of the 'two motors atcertain times.

rlhe construction of the switch plug` E will be seen from Fig. G. Fromthis figure it will be seen that the body of the plug is made of somenon-conducting material, such as wood, such body portion being providedon its opposite side with the contact springs 19 and 20, preferably ofcopper. lVhen this plug E is pushed into the socket C, the springportions 19 and 20 contact with the metal portions 22 and of the socketC. The end of 'the plug is also provided with a brass pin Q-l extendingclear through the body portion, the opposite ends thereof eX- tendingslightly past such body portion. It will be seen that when this plug ispushed into position, the ends of the brass pin Q11 contact with contactstrips and 2G in the socket C, so that a connection is made between suchstrips. The socket D is precisely the saine in its construction as thesocket C.

The geared switch construction is shown in Figs. 4 and As here shown,the shaft 17 of the drum G (Fig. 3) is provided with the metal disks 27and 28 with an interposed fiber disk 529, the disk 27 being keyed to theshaft 17, and the disk :28 being loose upon such shaft and havingsecured at one side a spur gear 30 meshing with another gear 31 on acounter-shaft The two disks 27 and 28 with the interposed fiber disk 29constitutes a slip connection for driving the gear 30, such gear withthe disk 28 being pressed to the right b 7 means of the spring 33interposed between the gear and a collar 3st secured to the shaft 17.The shaft also carries a switch arm 35, the outer end of which isadapted to pass over a contact segment 3G during the first half of itstravel, and over a series of contact buttons 37 during the latter'portion of its travel, resistance coils 38 being interposed between thecontact buttons 37, so that the resistance is cut out as the arm movesto the left. rlhe switch arm is free to swing upon the shaft between thestops 39 and 1l() carried by the side of the gear 31. The switch arm 35also provided with a pair of spring arms l and i2 adapted to contactwith the members 39 and L10, the purpose in using such springs being tosecure a quick increment of the arm 35 from the last contact button 37to the contact button f2, at which time a shift from one circuit toanother is secured as hereinafter described, and so avoid danger ofarcing. The slip connection for driving the gear 30 permits the arm 35to be arrested by the stop member at its proper starting positionwithout interfering with the driving mechanism which may rotate afterthe arm is brought to its proper position. The purpose and function ofthis geared switch will be more readily understood from the folle-winggeneral statement of the operation of the apparatus, during whichoperation the geared switch comes into play.

Starting with the parts in the position shown in F ig. 9 and withl thelower edge of the drawing bait 1 in engagement with the surface of theglass in the drawing receptacle, the operation is as follows: rllhe plugE is rst placed in the socket C. This connection causes current to flowthrough the armatures of both the large and the small motors. Connectionis made to the two sides Q9 and 23 of the plug C from the low voltagegenerator B by means of the wires l?, and -l-l, and the circuit fromsuch plug C through the armature F of the large motor 7 is completed.via the wire 45, wire 46, the resistance in the self starter, the wire47, limit switch L, and wire d8. This motor 7 does not start however asthe resistance in the self starter K is such that the current from thelow voltage generator is not sufficient to operate the motor. The othercircuit completed by the insertion of the plug E is the circuit operatedby the high voltage generator A, and includes the wire l-l, the wirelf), the wire 50, the Contact strips 26 and 25 and the pin 24rin theplug E, the wire 51, the geared switch 18, the wire the armature of thesmall motor 8, the winding N of the friction clutch 13, the field l ofthe small motor, and 'leo the Wire 53 returning to the negative side ofthe large generator A. The completion of this circuit causes the clutch13 operated by the winding N to engage, so that power from the smallmotor is transmitted through the train of connections shown in Fig. 3 tothewinding drum, and a very slow movement is imparted to the bait forthe forniation of the neck thereof. This starting movement isexceedingly slow, inasmuch as the currentthrough the geared switch mustat first pass through all of the resistance segments 38. During theperiod in which that portion of the cylinder neck between the pointsmarked a` and b is being drawn the switch arm (Fig. 4) moves from thestop 54 to the first button 37, and during this movement over thesegment 36, there is no change inthe speed of draw. As the switch armmoves over the buttons 37 however, the resistance segments 38 are cutout one after the other, and the speed of draw is gradually increased,such change of speed occurring as that portion of the cylinder betweenthe parts marked b and c (Fig. l) is being drawn. When the switch armshifts from the last button 37 to the button 42, the circuit through thesmall motor H is broken.

' 57 of the self starter, and the wire 58. This causes the arm 59 on theself starter to move over the various contacts 60, so that theresistance in the self starter is cut out, thus permitting the largemotor 7 to start and take up the drawing operation where such drawingoperation was concluded by the small motor 8, the clutch 13 of coursehaving been disconnected when the circuit through the small motorarmature and clutch winding was interrupted by the geared switch. Thelarge 'motor operated by the currentI from the low voltage generatorcircuit causes a more rapid movement oi' the bait than that given by thesmall motor, so that during the drawing of the cylinder from the pointmarked c to the point marked CZ (Fig. l), a more rapid movement of thebait is secured. When the cylinder reaches the length to whichit isdesired to draw it (the length between the points marked ct and d inTEig. l), the plug E is withdrawn from the socket C, thus cutting ottthe current to the motor and stopping the drawing operation. Thecylinder is then severed at the bottom in the usual way, and may now bemoved up rapidly to the position at which the take-down apparatusengages the bait. To accomplish this rapid upward movement, the plug Eis placed in the socket D. t will be seen thatthis causes current fromthe high voltage .generator to pass through the wire to the large motor,and describing the circuit heretofore set forth, return to the socket Dvia the wire 48. At the same time current is supplied to the winding 57ol.1 the self starter K, to secure thecutting out of the resistance insuch self starter, such current being supplied iirom the large generatorvia the wire 44, wire 49, wire Gl, contact strip 62, pin 24 in the plugE, contact strip G3, wire G4, and wire 56, the return circuit from thewinding being through the wires 53 and 58 as heretofore described. Theapplication of the high voltage through the large motor V67 secures therapid raising or the cylinder to its highest position.

When the bait and cylinder reach their highest positions, the current isautomatically cut off by the limit switch L. This switch is providedwith a stem adapted to be engaged by the projection 6G on the carriagewhen the carriage reaches its highest position, so that at that time thecircuit through the wire 47 is automatically broken, thus stopping theoperation of the parts.

In order to secure the downward movement of the bait and its carriage,the plug E is merely withdrawn from the socket D and reversed in suchsocket, thus causing a reversal of the current through the motor 7, anda backward movement thereof. Inasmuch asthe limit switch L is open atthe time of this reversal, it is necessary to complete the circuit insome other way, and to this end the short circuit around this switch Lcomprising the wire (37, switch arm 68 and wire 69, is provided. rPheswitch 68 is controlled by an electro-magnetic winding M. It will beseen that the winding M is not excited to secure the actuation of thearm 68 during the forward movement ot the motor 7, as the wire 69leading to the winding is connected to the return side oi the motorcircuit, and the wire 7l leading from the other end of the winding isalso connected to the return wire of the generator A. Vhen, however, theplug E is reversed, the current passes through the wire 48, the wire 69,the winding M and the wire 7l, thus securing the closing oi" the switcharm 68, so that the limit switch L is short circuited, the current fromthe wire 47 passing to the wire 48 via the wire 72, switch arm 68, andwire (39.V The circuit through the motor can therefore be completedbefore the downward movement of the carriage permits the limit switch Lto close.

Having thus described my invention and illustrated its use, what I claimas new and desired to secure by Letters Patent is the following:

l. ln combination, hoisting means comprising a pair of electric motors,means for supplying current to the motors, resistance means in thecircuit of one motor, resistance means in the circuit of the other motorsufticient to render such motor inactive, and means operated by themovement of the active motor for automatically cutting out theresistance in the circuit of the active motor as the movementprogresses, vand finally cutting oit the current to the active motor andcutting down the resistance of the inactive motor.

ln combination, hoisting means comprising an electric motor, means forsupplying current thereto, resistance means in the circuit, and meansoperated by the movement of the motor for automatically cutting out theresistance, such means comprising a rotary switch-arm provided with aspring, ay projection adapted to engage the spring and carry the armrotatively, a friction slip means for moving the said projection, and astop for the arm.

3. In combination,'an electric motor, a generator for supplying currentto the motor, a resistance in the motor circuit suflicient to render themotor inactive, electrically operable cut-out means for cutting out suchresistance, a second motor operable from the said generator, resistancemeans in the circuit of the second motor, and means operated by themovement of the second motor for automatically cutting out theresist-ance in the second motor circuit, then breaking such circuit andsending the current through the said cut-out means whereby theresistance in the first motor circuit is cut out and such first motorbecomes operative.

fi. In combination, an electric motor, a relatively low voltagegenerator for supplying current to the motor, a resistance in the motorcircuit sufficient to render the motor inactivev` electrically operablecut-out means for cutting out such resistance, a second motor, arelatively high voltage generator for supplying current to operate saidfirst motor, resistance means in the circuit ot the second motor, meansoperated by the movement of' the second motor for automatically cuttingout the resistance in the second motor circuit, then breaking suchcircuit and sending the current through the said cut-out means wherebythe resistance in the first motor circuit is cut out and such firstmotor is operated by current from the low voltage generator, and aswitch whereby the low voltage generator circuit may be interrupted andthe high voltage generator current applied to the said first motor.

In combination, hoisting means comprising an electric motor, means forsupplying current thereto, a moving part operated by the motor, a limitswitch in the circuit, positive means operated by the movement of thesaid part for opening the limit switch when the said part reachesextreme of movement, a second switch and connections Jfor short(,:ircuiting the limit switch, an electromagnetic winding for operatingthe said second switch, and connections whereby the reversal ot themotor circuit secures the closing oi? the second switch whereby themotor may be operated when the limit switch is open.

6. ln combination, an electric motor, a generator for supplying currentto the motor, a resistance in the motor circuit sufficient to render themotor inactive, electri- 'ally operable cut-out means for cutting outsuch resistance, a` second motor, a clutch for securing the shafts ofthe two motors in Vdriving engagement, an electro-magnetic winding toroperating the said clutch in the circuit of the second motor, resistancemeans also in the circuit et the second motor, and means operated by themovement of' the second motor for automatically cutting out theresistance in the second motor circuit, then breaking such circuit andthus permitting the release of the clutch between the two motor shafts,and then sending current through the said cut-out means whereby theresistance in the first motor circuit is cut out and such first motorbecomes operative.

in testimony whereof' I have hereunto signed my name in the presence ofthe two subscribed witnesses.

HARRY F. H ITNER.

YJitnesses:

BANNER M. ALLEN, E. F. ErNoN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

